See thef on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
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"orig": "enm:Deception",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
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{
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{
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"word": "thief"
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{
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{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
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{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
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{
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{
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"lang": "Middle Scots",
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{
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{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
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],
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
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},
{
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{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
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"Anglicised"
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{
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"word": "thief"
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{
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{
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"word": "thief"
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{
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{
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þeubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þeubaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English þēof, from Proto-West Germanic *þeub, from Proto-Germanic *þeubaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "theves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thefes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þef",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeef",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
},
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"form": "thief",
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"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "þief",
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"alternative",
"Essex",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "þyef",
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"alternative",
"Essex",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "thefe",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "theff",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "thyef",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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"sort": ""
},
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},
{
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},
"expansion": "thef (plural theves or thefes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thefte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thevysch"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 17 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
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"orig": "enm:Crime",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 10 18 20",
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Finance",
"orig": "enm:Finance",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 22 22 22",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"A fraudster or con artist."
],
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[
"thief",
"thief"
],
[
"robber",
"robber"
],
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"steal",
"steal#English"
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"stealthily",
"stealthily#English"
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[
"fraudster",
"fraudster"
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"con artist"
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 17 14 12",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 12 12 12",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 10 18 20",
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"orig": "enm:Finance",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 50 15 16 0",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 22 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Theft",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A thief or robber (one who steals, especially stealthily):",
"A kidnapper; a stealer of people."
],
"id": "en-thef-enm-noun-d~YOakf6",
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[
"thief",
"thief"
],
[
"robber",
"robber"
],
[
"steal",
"steal#English"
],
[
"stealthily",
"stealthily#English"
],
[
"kidnapper",
"kidnapper"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 17 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
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},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 10 18 20",
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"orig": "enm:Finance",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 22 22 22",
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"langcode": "enm",
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"orig": "enm:Theft",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"A criminal or villain; a malicious or lawbreaking person:",
"A liar; one who is dishonest."
],
"id": "en-thef-enm-noun-Pqnc4Vt6",
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[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"villain",
"villain"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
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[
"lawbreaking",
"lawbreaking"
],
[
"liar",
"liar"
],
[
"dishonest",
"dishonest"
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]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 17 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
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"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
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"orig": "enm:Crime",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 20 25 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "enm:Ethics",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 10 18 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
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"orig": "enm:Finance",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 22 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Theft",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A criminal or villain; a malicious or lawbreaking person:",
"An usurer or miser; a financially immoral individual."
],
"id": "en-thef-enm-noun-4ZGlXjeg",
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[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"villain",
"villain"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"lawbreaking",
"lawbreaking"
],
[
"usurer",
"usurer"
],
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 17 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 13 13 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 12 12 12",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 10 18 20",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 22 22 22",
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"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Theft",
"orig": "enm:Theft",
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}
],
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"A criminal or villain; a malicious or lawbreaking person:",
"A mercenary or freebooter; a soldier motivated by money."
],
"id": "en-thef-enm-noun-Hs1W5sGy",
"links": [
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"villain",
"villain"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"lawbreaking",
"lawbreaking"
],
[
"mercenary",
"mercenary"
],
[
"freebooter",
"freebooter"
],
[
"money",
"money"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θeːf/"
}
],
"word": "thef"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nqm",
"2": "numeral"
},
"expansion": "thef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ndom",
"lang_code": "nqm",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ndom entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nqm",
"name": "Two",
"orig": "nqm:Two",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"two"
],
"id": "en-thef-nqm-num-P8TM~nRY",
"links": [
[
"two",
"two"
]
]
}
],
"word": "thef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Crime",
"enm:Deception",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Finance",
"enm:People",
"enm:Theft"
],
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "thief"
},
{
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{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
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"word": "theif"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
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],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
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},
{
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{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "theiff"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "theiffe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
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"early"
],
"word": "thef"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"tags": [
"Anglicised"
],
"word": "thief"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "teif"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thief"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
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"Galloway"
],
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}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þeub",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þeubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þeubaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English þēof, from Proto-West Germanic *þeub, from Proto-Germanic *þeubaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "theves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thefes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "theef",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þef",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeef",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeof",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thief",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Essex",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "þief",
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"alternative",
"Essex",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "þyef",
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"alternative",
"Essex",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "thefe",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "theff",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "thyef",
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"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
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}
],
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{
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
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"name": "head"
},
{
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},
"expansion": "thef (plural theves or thefes)",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "thefly"
},
{
"word": "thefte"
},
{
"word": "thevysch"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A thief or robber (one who steals, especially stealthily):",
"A fraudster or con artist."
],
"links": [
[
"thief",
"thief"
],
[
"robber",
"robber"
],
[
"steal",
"steal#English"
],
[
"stealthily",
"stealthily#English"
],
[
"fraudster",
"fraudster"
],
[
"con artist",
"con artist"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A thief or robber (one who steals, especially stealthily):",
"A kidnapper; a stealer of people."
],
"links": [
[
"thief",
"thief"
],
[
"robber",
"robber"
],
[
"steal",
"steal#English"
],
[
"stealthily",
"stealthily#English"
],
[
"kidnapper",
"kidnapper"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A criminal or villain; a malicious or lawbreaking person:",
"A liar; one who is dishonest."
],
"links": [
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"villain",
"villain"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"lawbreaking",
"lawbreaking"
],
[
"liar",
"liar"
],
[
"dishonest",
"dishonest"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A criminal or villain; a malicious or lawbreaking person:",
"An usurer or miser; a financially immoral individual."
],
"links": [
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"villain",
"villain"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"lawbreaking",
"lawbreaking"
],
[
"usurer",
"usurer"
],
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A criminal or villain; a malicious or lawbreaking person:",
"A mercenary or freebooter; a soldier motivated by money."
],
"links": [
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"villain",
"villain"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"lawbreaking",
"lawbreaking"
],
[
"mercenary",
"mercenary"
],
[
"freebooter",
"freebooter"
],
[
"money",
"money"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θeːf/"
}
],
"word": "thef"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nqm",
"2": "numeral"
},
"expansion": "thef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ndom",
"lang_code": "nqm",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ndom entries with incorrect language header",
"Ndom lemmas",
"Ndom numerals",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"nqm:Two"
],
"glosses": [
"two"
],
"links": [
[
"two",
"two"
]
]
}
],
"word": "thef"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thef meaning in All languages combined (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.